WHAT IS THE COLOUR CHANGE WHEN WE ADD PHENOLPTHALEIN TO ACIDS AND BASES?

When we add phenolpthalein to acids it becomes colourless. When we add phenolpthalein to bases, the clour turns to MAGENTA. 

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN CARBONATES REACT WITH ACIDS?

Well it is mostly possible with metallic carbonates. When carbonates react with acids they give salt, water and carbon dioxide is released. Remember acids have replaceable hydrogen atoms.
So :
Metallic carbonates + acids = salt + water + carbon dioxide

CAN I GET SOME FORMULAS FOR SPEED, TIME AND DISTANCE?

Yes . The formula is speed= distance/ time. Distance= speed * time. Time = distance / speed.
So if a car runs 14 km in 2 hours(well just an example) then the the speed is 14/2 for Km/ph.
So the speed of the car is 7 km per hour. If a car covers 8 km in 2 hours then the distance would be speed * time. So it would be 16 km .

WHY DO ONIONS MAKE YOU CRY?

You  experienced the burning and tearing you get from the vapours. When you cut an onion, you break cells, releasing their contents. Amino acid sulfoxides form sulfenic acids. Enzymes that were kept separate now are free to mix with the sulfenic acids to produce propanethiol S-oxide, a volatile sulfur compound that wafts upward toward your eyes. This gas reacts with the water in your tears to form sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid burns, stimulating your eyes to release more tears to wash the irritant away.

WHAT ARE ALKALIS?

Alkalis are the hydroxides of Calcium, Potassium and Sodium that are soluble in water. Ammonium hydroxide is also an alkali, but it does not contain a metal.

WHAT ARE BASES?

Bases are the oxides or the hydroxides of metals. They are chemically opposite to acids. Bases have a bitter taste. Some are very corrosive.

TELL ME ABOUT THE UNIVERSAL INDICATOR

The universal indicator that uses the scale if numbers to describe how acid or alkaline a substance is, rather than using colors. This scale is known as PH scale and the numbers are  called as PH numbers. Strong acids have the PH value of 0 or 1 while weak acids have PH values in the range of 4 to 6. Strong alkalies have the PH value of 13 to 14 and weak alkalies have their PH values in the range of 8 to 10. Neutral solutions like distilled water have a PH value of 7.

TELL ME ABOUT THE UNIVERSAL INDICATOR

The universal indicator that uses the scale if numbers to describe how acid or alkaline a substance is, rather than using colors. This scale is known as PH scale and the numbers are  called as PH numbers. Strong acids have the PH value of 0 or 1 while weak acids have PH values in the range of 4 to 6. Strong alkalies have the PH value of 13 to 14 and weak alkalies have their PH values in the range of 8 to 10. Neutral solutions like distilled water have a PH value of 7.

HOW DID THE SEVEN COLORS CAME TO BE?

Issac Newton, split  light in the seven colors by using a prism- a triangular piece of glass. He held the glass prism in the path of a narrow beam of sunlight. He observed that light is broken into seven colors by the prism. The seven colors are VIOLET, INDIGO, BLUE, GREEN, YELLOW, ORANGE and RED (VIBGYOR).

WHAT IS BASICITY?

The number of Hydrogen atoms in a molecule of an acid is called its basicity. Example - in Hydrochloric acid (HCl) the basicity is one therefore it is known as Monobasic.

HOW MANY ELEMENTS HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED TILL NOW?

There are 117 elements in which 94 occur naturally and 23 have been made in the laboratory. 

WHAT ARE ATOMS?

Atoms are tinny units of matter. An atom of one element differs from another element . Atoms are composed of particles of PROTONS, NEUTRONS and ELECTRONS. The center of an atom is known as nucleus. Here is a structure of an atom.

WHAT IS THE FIRST ELEMENT IN THE PERIODIC TABLE?

Hydrogen. Hydrogen has the symbol of H. H represents one atom of Hydrogen.

NAMES OF SOME WATER BORNE DISEASES?

Here are some.

1. Cholera
2.Jaundice
3. Dysentary
4. Hepatitis
5. Tuberculosis
6. Typhoid
7. Helminthiasis
8. Diarrhea
Be careful !! 

HOW WAS EARTH FORMED?

Earth was formed around 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the  solar nebula. Before the sun, Earth and the other planets of solar system were nothing but a cloud of dust. Gradually the particles attracted each other and it became huge spinning disks. As it spun the disks separated into rings and became white-hot. The centre became the sun and other large balls became planets. Mow they are known as Earth, Mars, Venus, Mercury and other outer planets.

HOW MANY MOONS ARE THERE IN THE PLANET JUPITER?

Well Jupiter has 49 official moons as in January 2009 and 14 unofficial moons.

WHAT IS PLUTONIUM?

Plutonium is a radio-active metal found in the planet Pluto . It is used in nuclear bombs and is itself very dangerous . It is said to be owned by the Roman god of death called Pluto.(well don't  go in myths deeply)

WHY IS MARS KNOWN AS A RED PLANET?

Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and second smallest in our solar system. Mars is named after the Roman god of war mars. It is known as the red planet because it contains iron oxide.

CAN PEOPLE TALK TO EACH OTHER IN SPACE?

Well the answer is no. It is because there is no air and sound waves need air. 
 

WHAT IS HUMIDITY?

Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. Humidity shows the like-hood of precipitation, rain, fog etc. Humidity is more near coastal areas .

   

WHY DO FEEL COOL IN SUMMER AFTER SWEATING BUT FEEL TIRED AND HOT IN AUGUST NEAR COASTAL AREAS?

We feel cool in summer because the evaporates very fast. But in August we feel hot and tired even though the temperature is cooler because it is very humid there and the sweat does not evaporate quickly.

WHY DO WE FEEL PAIN IN OUR BODY AFTER SWEATING?

We feel painful after sweating because of the salts in our body.These salts play an important role in our daily lives. While sweating the salts get removed from our body. We can replace these salts by drinking lemon juice with little salt added to it or even by drinking aam pani( mango juice).

DO BRACES HURT OR NOT?

Your braces will hurt you. Very few people don't get pain but almost everyone does. You can try taking some pain relief and chew sugar free chewing gum but unfortunately you will have to put up with it. It is hard . They will also hurt after you get them tightened. At random times random places will also hurt, this is due to the vast movement of a certain tooth which disrupts a few teeth around.

HOW MANY TEETHES ARE THERE IN OUR JAW?

Well this depends on is it a child or adult. An adult has 16 teethes in a jaw . So totally there are 32 teethes. A child has about 10 teethes in a jaw so totally 20 teethes in all . As the child grows he also grows 6 molars in each jaw.
   

WHAT ARE RADICALS?

Radicals are groups of atoms which cannot exist independently. Example- OH ( hydroxide with valency as 1) etc. 

DIAGRAM OF THE WATER PURIFICATION.

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT METHODS USED TO MEASURE TIME IN OLDEN DAYS AND NOW?

Here are some . 
1.  Hour glass
2. Water clock
3.  Atomic clock
4.  Sundial
5. Stopwatch
6. Candle clock

WHERE ARE CELLS FORMED IN A HUMAN BODY?

The cells are formed in the bone marrow.

WHAT ELEMENT HAS THE HIGHEST ELECTRONEGATIVITY?

The answer is fluorine. The symbol of fluorine is F . Fluorine also has the lightest halogen. Fluorine is a pale yellow gas composed of diatomic molecules. It is corrosive. It has a single stable isotope , fluorine-19. It boils at -219.62 degree centigrade!!.

WHAT IS THE KINETIC THEORY OF MATTER?

The kinetic theory proves:

1. All matter is made up of molecules.
2. Molecules in all matter are in constant motion
3. The molecules attract each other with the force called cohesion.

WHO IS ALBERT EINSTEIN ?

Einstein is the great scientist of the twentieth century and notable physicist of all time. It is told that he had learning disability  in his childhood. He could not talk till he was three and could not read till he was eight.But he  grew up and discovered the world famous formula E=MC*C.

THE NAMES OF 10 GREAT SCIENTISTS

1. SIR ISAAC NEWTON.
.2. ARISTOTLE.
3. GALILEO.
4. ROBERT DARWIN.
5. ALBERT EINSTEIN
.6. THOMAS EDISON.

7. LOUIS PASTURE.

8.STEPHAN HAWKING.

9. ANTONIO VOLTA.

10. JAGADISH CHANDRA BOSE.

            

WHAT ARE ELEMENTS?

An element is a simple substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Elements are classified into metals and non-metals . Example nitogen, oxygen, Gold, potassium etc.

WHAT ARE COMPOUNDS?

When two or more elements combine chemically to form a new substance, the new substance is called compound. A compound may be totally different from the elements combined. Example- water is formed when hydrogen burns with oxygen. Oxygen helps things to burn and hydrogen catches fire easily . But water when combined is required to put out fire.

 

CAN I GET SOME SYMBOLS OF ELEMENTS AND RADICALS?

Yes, you can. Here are some.
Ferric-Fe
Copper-Cu
Gold-Au
barium-Ba
Sulphur-S
Selenium-Se
Silver-Ag
Potassium-K
Silicon-Si
Carbon-C
Magnesium-Mg
Manganese-Mn
Lead-Pb
Chlorine-Cl
Hydrogen-H
Oxygen-O
Cobalt-co
Nickel-Ni
Tin-Sn
Zinc-Zn
Aluminium-Al
Arsenic-As
Calcium-Ca
Cadmium-Cd
Mercury-Hg
Chromium-Cr
Antimony-Sb
Sodium-Na
Strontium-Sr
Iodide-I
Nitrogen-N
Hydroxide-OH.

WHY IS AMBULANCE WRITTEN BACKWARDS IN THE VEHICLE?

Ambulance is written backwards so that the driver can see ambulance as straight alphabets in his rear-view mirror and move aside.

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE BLOW INTO LIME WATER?

When we blow into lime water , the water becomes milky white. This happens because when carbon dioxide comes in contract with lime water it becomes milky white. Let us try this experiment by preparing lime water and blowing into it.

WHAT IS THE VALENCY OF GOLD?

Gold is a metallic element that is little soft but when mixed with some metals or non-metals becomes hard . It has the valency of 3 or 1 . Au is the symbol of gold . Many elements like sulphur(S) , iron(Fe) etc have valency of 2,6 and 1,3 respectivly .

WHICH VEIN IN OUR BODY DOES NOT CONTAIN IMPURIFIED BLOOD?

The pulmonary vein contains purified blood that gives it to the heart from the lungs.

HOW MANY HAIRS DOES AN AVERAGE HUMAN HAVE?

On the average there are over 100 thousand strands of hair on a young adult. Blondes average about 1,40,000 strands, brunettes average 1,08,000 and redheads average 90,000. Hair grows at a rate of about 150mm a year and each individual hair lasts for two to six years before it falls out, the follicle has a rest for a while, while another takes its place. 

WHY DO THE POLAR BEARS HAVE WHITE FUR ?

Polar bears do not have white fur, but semi-transparent fur. The polar bear's fur seems colourless and for many years, scientists worked on the theory that the individual hairs act as fiber optics bringing sunlight directly to the skin. This has recently been proven to be incorrect, and the hairs are not truly transparent, but contain keratin. Viewed side-on, the hairs appear colorless; viewed lengthwise (as if one was looking down a telescope) the hairs no longer appear transparent.

WILL THE COMPASS NEEDLE'S POINT MOVE NEAR A ELECTRICAL WIRE?

YES, it will . This principal was discovered by HANS CRISTIAN OERSTED in 1820 . Hans was a Danish physicist   . He proved it by placing a compass near a electrical wire and to his dismay the needle turned towards it .